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The origins and obligations of sharia law
By Clare Dwyer Hogg and Jonathan Wynne-Jones, 19/01/2008
Sharia is the body of Islamic religious law based on
the Koran and the words and actions of the prophet Mohammed and his
followers. In the West sharia has become synonymous with the
brutal punishments meted out in Islamic states, but the majority of laws
are to do with everyday issues, ranging from personal hygiene to
banking. Hardline Muslim leaders claim that sharia is eternal
and can never be changed, while moderates argue that it is not a strict
set of laws but should be open to interpretation.
Sunni and Shia Muslims follow different schools of
thought in interpreting the sharia laws, but all Muslims are required to
live according to sharia wherever they are. Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia and Iran have
implemented sharia as the legal system of the country, but in Britain it
has no legal standing, despite the introduction of sharia-compliant
banking and food. In sharia courts, or councils, once an imam has
reached a decision, he will issue fatwas, or rulings, on issues such as
inheritance and divorce.
Divorce law is particularly complicated - a man can
end his marriage by uttering the word talaq. He can take his wife back
after a three-month break (iddat) but the third time he uses the word
the divorce is final. The prophet Mohammed has said what could be translated
as: "The women who seek divorce (khula) without good reason are
hypocrites."
Some parts of sharia law are obligatory, while others
are recommended or optional.
Examples of obligatory laws
- Earnings must be lawfully obtained
- Food must be halal
- Personal hygiene must be of a very high standard
- Couples must have a full bath in flowing water after
intercourse
- The body must be covered modestly
- Prayers must be said five times a day
- Believers must fast during Ramadan
Strongly recommended laws
- Hands should be washed upon waking up (because one
does not know where the hands have been during sleep)
- Believers should wash with water after going to the
toilet
- Eating should be done while seated
- The right hand should be used for eating and the
left for cleaning oneself
- People should lie down on the right side when going
to sleep
- The right shoe should be put on first, followed by
the left
- The mouth and nose should be covered when yawning or
sneezing
- Food should not be eaten when very hot but left
until it has cooled a little¢½
(from :
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2008/01/20/nsharia220.xml) |