2008년 선교소식 / 미국 무슬림 조사 ll (5/27)
　 　

이번 조사는 186만 무슬림, 미국 인구 3억1천10만명의 0.6%,을 대상으로 조사를 실시했고, 이는 이민자의 거의 2/3에 해당되며, 이들은 거의 수니 이슬람과 시아 이슬람의 비율이 거의 동등했다. 미국 성인 2억2천5백만명 중 3만5천명을 대상으로 여론조사를 실시했고, 미국 성인 2억2천5백만명 중 3만5천명을 대상이 되었다.

힌두교는 미국인의 0.4%, 124만명, 유대교는 1.7%, 527만명에 달했다.

  • 유대인은 몰몬교와 함께 6번째 종교 그룹으로 미국 성인의 1.7%를 차지하고 있다.
  • 가장 큰 종교 그룹은 복음주의 기독교로 26.3%를 차지하고 있으며, 천주교 23.9% 그리고 개신교 18.1%, 기타 16.1% 그리고 전통적인 흑인교회 6.9%를 차지했다.
  • 유대교, 천주교, 힌두교는 미국 내 출생률이 높은 종교그룹이며, 유대인 성인의 85%가 유대인으로 성장했으나 현대의 유대인들은 15%만이 유대인으로 성장하고 있다. 힌두교 성인의 95%는 힌두교 배경에서 태어나 힌두교인으로 성장햇으며, 천주교는 89%가 천주교 배경에서 태어나 천주교인으로 성장했다.
  • 유대교 성인은 무슬림 성인의 두배에 달한다.
  • 종교그룹의 네번째인 유대인들은 같은 유대인들과 결혼한다. 이번 여론조사에서 유대인의 69%는 유대인과 결혼했으며, 이는 지난 2000 NJPS 결과와 같았다. 결혼한 유대인의 31%는 다른 종교인 혹은 무종교인과 결혼했으며, 12%는 천주교인과 결혼해 가장 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 힌두교 역시 거의 힌두교, 몰몬교, 천주교 역시 같은 종교 그룹 안에서 결혼했다.
  • 미국의 백인과 기독교의 감소로 인해 개신교의 51%는 곧 사라질 예정이다.
  • 무종교는 가장 빠르게 증가하는 종교그룹이며, 독립 개신교는 두번째 성장하는 종교 그룹이었다.
  •  
  • 힌두인의 84%는 힌두교인으로 남아 있으며, 유대인들은 76%였다. 14%의 유대인은 아무런 종교에 소속되지 않았다.
  • 가장 높은 교육을 받은 그룹은 힌두교로 48%가 대학 이상의 교육을 받았으며, 그 다음은 유대인으로 35%였고, 미국의 평균 가정은 11%였다.
  • 미국 불교인 157만명의 25는 유대인이었다.

무슬림과 유대인의 인구가 너무나 낮게 예상됨

미국인구의 0.6%, 186만명의 무슬림은 미국내 무슬림 그룹이 예상했던 6백만명보다 2배가 넘는 수치였다.

유대인 인구에 대하여는 Brandeis University's Cohen Center의 현대 유대인 연구에서 600-640만명으로 예상했었고, 2000-2001년 유대인 인구 조사연구에 따르면 4,523 유대인 기관과 410만명으로 예상했었다.

그러나 이번 Pew 연구소의 결과는 380만명 혹은 미국 성인의 1.7%에 해당되었다.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, released yesterday by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life, is the largest, most in-depth survey of American religious beliefs and behaviors, putting numbers to what religious experts have long believed was happening, Pew officials say. The last time the U.S. Census asked questions about religion was in 1957.

The survey details the religious affiliation of the American public and explores the shifts taking place in America’s religious landscape. It shows a national religious mosaic that is shifting at ever-increasing speed.  John Green, a senior fellow at the Pew Forum and a senior researcher on the project, explained that the purpose of the study "was to look at religion in America quite broadly. We're not really measuring conversion," Green said, "we're measuring change."

The study shows that more than 28 percent of Americans have left the faith in which they were raised and either joined a different faith or profess no faith at all. More than 35,000 of America's 225 million adults were interviewed. A second report based on the same data, describing America's religious practices and beliefs, will be released in late April, followed by a third report on social and political views in the summer.

According to the poll, Muslims constitute 1.86 million, or 0.6 percent of America’s population of 310.1 million. Muslims, roughly two-thirds of whom are immigrants, were found to be divided equally into Sunni and Shia groups. Hindus account for 0.4 percent, or 1.24 million, while Jews number 1.7 percent or 5.27 million of the country’s population.

Other highlights of the Pew report include:

  • Jews are tied with Mormons as the sixth largest faith group, each claiming 1.7 percent of the country's adult population.
  • The largest faith group is evangelical Protestants (26.3 percent), followed by Catholics (23.9 percent), mainline Protestants (18.1 percent), the unaffiliated (16.1 percent) and members of historically black churches (6.9 percent).
  • Judaism, Catholicism and Hinduism are the three faith groups filled with the highest percentage of born followers. Eighty- five percent of today's Jewish adults were raised as Jews, versus the 15 percent of today's Jews who have "joined" the community. Ninety percent of today's Hindu adults were born and raised Hindu, along with 89 percent of Catholics.
  • There are twice as many adult Jews as adult Muslims.
  • Jews rank fourth among religious groups most likely to marry in the faith. According to Pew, 69 percent of married Jews are married to another Jew ‹ the same figure reported by the 2000 NJPS. Of the 31 percent of Jews married to someone of a different faith or no faith, the largest percentage, 12 percent, are married to Catholics. The faith groups most likely to marry their own are Hindus, Mormons and Catholics.
  • America's slim Protestant majority of 51 percent will soon disappear as the country continues to become less white and less Christian.
  • Those who say they are unaffiliated comprise the fastest growing "faith" group today, followed by nondenominational Protestants, who are largely evangelicals.
  • The faith communities most heavily comprised of people who have switched affiliation include the unaffiliated, Buddhists, Jehovah's Witnesses and members of "other faiths" and nontraditional Christian sects.
  • Jews and Hindus are the most successful at retaining their people. More than 84 percent of those who were raised Hindu still identify as Hindu, followed by 76 percent of those raised Jewish who say they are Jewish today. Fourteen percent of those raised Jewish now identify with no organized religion.
  • The most highly educated faith communities are Hindus (48 percent with postgraduate degrees) followed by Jews (35 percent), compared to the national average of 11 percent.
  • Two percent of America's 1.57 million Buddhists were raised Jewish.

Some Muslims & Jews feel their numbers were underestimated

The 1.86 million, or 0.6 percent of America’s population, estimate for Muslims is far lower than the 6 miliion estimate given uniformly by Muslim organizations in the US.

Jewish demographers also contended that their numbers were underestimated, including Brandeis University's Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies, which offered its own estimate of 6 million to 6.4 million. The 2000-2001 National Jewish Population Studies survey, which included 4,523 respondents, counted 4.1 million Jewish.

This can be compared to Pew counting an estimated 3.8 million Jews, or 1.7 percent of the total American adult population.

With fewer than 700 Jewish respondents and a margin of error of plus or minus 4.5 points that Jonathon Ament, the assistant director of research at the United Jewish Communities and the senior project adviser on the 2000-2001 NJPS, calls "quite high." He said the Pew report should be "taken with a grain of salt" when it comes to its conclusions about American Jewish adults.

Pew researchers take umbrage at that suggestion, saying the sample size is statistically sound.

"From a purely statistical viewpoint, the study should be taken seriously," said Green. "We have every confidence that the Jews in our study are representative of Jews nationwide."

Sources:

Sue Fishkoff, "Jews and the U.S. landscape-Jewish demographers dispute somefindings in Pew study on religion in America" JTA News and Features February 28, 2008

Khalid Hasan, "US Muslims number only 1.86 million" Daily Times February 28, 2008

(from : http://www.islamtoday.com/showme2.cfm?cat_id=38&sub_cat_id=1791)

"여호와의 영광을 인정하는 것이 세상에 가득하게 되리라"(하박국 2장 14절)

Copyright(c) 2008 "이슬람 선교" All rights Reserved